If you’re overseas and have an urgent need to travel, you can apply for an emergency passport at an Australian diplomatic or consular mission.
Emergency passports are only valid for up to 12 months and don’t have a chip. Because of this, there are restrictions on using them in some countries. Check the visa requirements of any country you plan to enter or transit.
You can apply for a full-validity passport at the same time as you apply for an emergency passport, and collect the full-validity passport when you get home.